Properties Of...
Properties of Acids:
Properties of Bases:
- All acids are corrosive, which means that acidic substances are able to decay metals through chemical reactions.
- Acids are able to neutralize bases by creating salt and water, which are two neutral substances. This is called the neutralization reaction.
- On the pH scale, an acid is a 0-6.9.
- On the pOH scale, an acid is a 7.1-14
- The litmus color of an acid is red, which means that when red litmus paper is placed into an acid, the paper will stay red. If blue litmus paper is placed into an acid, then the paper will turn red.
- When universal indicator is placed into an acid, it will turn red, orange or yellow.
- All acids dissociate in water to create H+ ions
- Acids are used in human stomachs to break down foods that are consumed. Acids remain in the stomach in order to fulfill the job.
- If one were to drink the acid, which is not advisable, the solution would taste sour.
- Acids are always H+ donors, meaning that during a reaction the acids give away their H+ ions to the bases.
- Acids are made with the combination of non-metal oxides and water.
- Acids can easily distinguished by how many H+ ions the molecule contains:
- Monoprotic= Acids and contain only one H+ ion
- Examples= HCl, HBr, HCH3CO2, H2O= HOH
- Diprotic= Acids that contain 2 H+ ions
- Example= H2SO4
- Triprotic= Acids that contain 3 H+ ions
- Example= H3PO4, H3C6, H5O
- Monoprotic= Acids and contain only one H+ ion
Properties of Bases:
- All bases neutralize acids to create salt and water, which are two neutral solutions. This is called the neutralization reaction
- Alkali are bases that can be dissolved in water and bases cannot be dissolved in water. This means that all alkali and bases but not all bases are alkali.
- Alkali are created from Group 1 metal oxides and water
- Bases are formed by the combination of a metal oxide and water
- An example is Lithium Oxide, this is metal oxide, meaning that it must be a base.
- On the pH scale, a base is a 7.1-14
- On the pOH scale, a base is a 0-6.9
- The litmus color of a base is blue, which means that when blue litmus paper is placed into a base, the paper will remain blue. If red litmus paper is placed into a base, then the paper will turn blue.
- When universal indicator is placed into a base, it will turn into blue, indigo or violet.
- All bases dissociate in water to create OH- ions.
- If one were to drink a base, the liquid would taste bitter.
- Bases are H+ (proton) receivers, meaning that during a reaction bases receive the H+ ions from the acids.
- Bases are primarily found in cleaning supplies.
- Bases are commonly used to act as anti-acids that are used when there is a build up of acids in a human's stomach and the bases come in to neutralize the acid.